Fear, Fear of God, God-Fearers

The contributors to this volume examine how fear and fear of God shaped religious practice, social relations, and identity in ancient Judaism and early Christianity. Through analysis of biblical, Rabbinic, and early Christian texts, plus Egyptian and Mesopotamian sources, they reveal fear’s complex role in ancient religious emotion and theology.

English summary: The contributors to this volume examine fear and fear of God as decisive factors in the religious and cultural worlds of ancient Judaism and early Christianity. Drawing on philological, historical, and anthropological perspectives, they investigate how emotions, particularly fear, informed ritual practice, social order, and concepts of the self. Biblical texts, Rabbinic literature, and early Christian writings are read alongside Egyptian and Mesopotamian traditions, thereby situating Jewish and Christian sources in a broader intercultural framework. Epigraphic evidence, such as inscriptions from Aphrodisias, provides further depth and comparative perspective. Rather than treating fear merely as a sign of submission or religious coercion, the contributors highlight its complex role in shaping modes of communication, group identity, and cultural interaction. Their studies demonstrate how linguistic, literary, and ritual expressions of fear reflect wider processes of negotiation within communities and across traditions. This interdisciplinary approach thus exposes the conceptual networks in which fear was embedded, challenging reductionist models and opening new perspectives on ancient religious life. By bringing together leading experts from multiple disciplines, the volume advances scholarship on emotions, the sociology of religion, and the intercultural history of religions in antiquity, thereby offering essential insights for future research. German description: Die Beitrager dieses Bandes widmen sich der Bedeutung von Angst und Gottesfurcht im antiken Judentum und im fruhen Christentum. Sie verbinden philologische, historische und anthropologische Ansatze, um zu zeigen, wie Emotionen, insbesondere Angst, religiose Praktiken, soziale Dynamiken und Konzepte von Selbst und Gemeinschaft formten. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Untersuchung biblischer Texte, rabbinischer Literatur und fruhchristlicher Schriften, die in ihrem jeweiligen kulturellen und sprachlichen Kontext interpretiert werden. Daruber hinaus werden agyptische und mesopotamische Traditionen sowie epigraphische Zeugnisse, etwa aus Aphrodisias, herangezogen. Die Beitrager verdeutlichen, dass Angst nicht nur als Ausdruck von Unterordnung oder religiosem Zwang verstanden werden kann, sondern als komplexes kulturelles und religioses Phanomen, das unterschiedliche Formen der Kommunikation, Identitatsbildung und sozialen Ordnung pragte. Durch die Verbindung verschiedener Disziplinen und Kontexte entsteht ein interkultureller Zugriff, der neue Einsichten in die Netzwerke von Begriffen und Bedeutungen eroffnet. Damit tragen die Beitrager dazu bei, vereinfachende Modelle von Emotion und Religiositat kritisch zu hinterfragen und durch differenzierte, historisch verankerte Analysen zu ersetzen. Sie leisten so einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Erforschung von Emotionen, Religionssoziologie und interkultureller Religionsgeschichte der Antike.

Benedikt Hensel/Phillip Michael Lasater: Fear, Fear of God, God-Fearers - Philological and Historical Perspectives on the World of Ancient Judaism and Christianity Part I. Fear and Fear of God: Conceptions and ContextsMichael Dormandy: Is God-Fearing Good Fearing? What the Greek Reception of Hebrew Fear-Terms Tells Us about Biblical Concepts of Fear - Phillip Michael Lasater: What ""Fear"" Promises - The Dialogue on Ethics and Perfection between Job and Eliphaz - Katja Weiss: Fear (of and for God) and Strategies for Coping with Fear in Ancient Egypt after the Amarna Period - Joel Gereboff: Fear of God in Early Rabbinic Judaism - Charis Jo: Fear and Fear of Deities in Latin-speaking Contexts - How Novel was Augustine's View? - Daniel James Waller: Fear in Incantation Bowls from Late Antique Mesopotamia Part II. God-Fearers Benedikt Hensel: The ""YHWH-fearing"" Sailors in Jon 1:5-16 as a Model for the Classification of the ""Nations"" in Early Judaism - A Search for Literary and Historical Traces in the Book of Jonah - Jorg Lanckau: Fear of God as the Beginning of Obedience? Genesis 22 in Light of Various Conceptions of ""Religion"" in the Tanakh - D. Clint Burnett: Jewish Sympathizers - A Reappraisal of Luke's ""God-Fearers"" - Kindalee Pfremmer De Long: God Fearers as Characters in Luke-Acts and their Real-World Analogs ~GER~Benedikt Hensel/Phillip Michael Lasater: Fear, Fear of God, God-Fearers - Philological and Historical Perspectives on the World of Ancient Judaism and Christianity Part I. Fear and Fear of God: Conceptions and ContextsMichael Dormandy: Is God-Fearing Good Fearing? What the Greek Reception of Hebrew Fear-Terms Tells Us about Biblical Concepts of Fear - Phillip Michael Lasater: What ""Fear"" Promises - The Dialogue on Ethics and Perfection between Job and Eliphaz - Katja Weiss: Fear (of and for God) and Strategies for Coping with Fear in Ancient Egypt after the Amarna Period - Joel Gereboff: Fear of God in Early Rabbinic Judaism - Charis Jo: Fear and Fear of Deities in Latin-speaking Contexts - How Novel was Augustine's View? - Daniel James Waller: Fear in Incantation Bowls from Late Antique Mesopotamia Part II. God-Fearers Benedikt Hensel: The ""YHWH-fearing"" Sailors in Jon 1:5-16 as a Model for the Classification of the ""Nations"" in Early Judaism - A Search for Literary and Historical Traces in the Book of Jonah - Jorg Lanckau: Fear of God as the Beginning of Obedience? Genesis 22 in Light of Various Conceptions of ""Religion"" in the Tanakh - D. Clint Burnett: Jewish Sympathizers - A Reappraisal of Luke's ""God-Fearers"" - Kindalee Pfremmer De Long: God Fearers as Characters in Luke-Acts and their Real-World Analogs,

Benedikt Hensel/Phillip Michael Lasater: Fear, Fear of God, God-Fearers - Philological and Historical Perspectives on the World of Ancient Judaism and Christianity
Part I. Fear and Fear of God: Conceptions and ContextsMichael Dormandy: Is God-Fearing Good Fearing? What the Greek Reception of Hebrew Fear-Terms Tells Us about Biblical Concepts of Fear - Phillip Michael Lasater: What "Fear" Promises - The Dialogue on Ethics and Perfection between Job and Eliphaz - Katja Weiss: Fear (of and for God) and Strategies for Coping with Fear in Ancient Egypt after the Amarna Period - Joel Gereboff: Fear of God in Early Rabbinic Judaism - Charis Jo: Fear and Fear of Deities in Latin-speaking Contexts - How Novel was Augustine's View? - Daniel James Waller: Fear in Incantation Bowls from Late Antique Mesopotamia
Part II. God-Fearers
Benedikt Hensel: The "YHWH-fearing" Sailors in Jon 1:5-16 as a Model for the Classification of the "Nations" in Early Judaism - A Search for Literary and Historical Traces in the Book of Jonah - Jörg Lanckau: Fear of God as the Beginning of Obedience? Genesis 22 in Light of Various Conceptions of "Religion" in the Tanakh - D. Clint Burnett: Jewish Sympathizers - A Reappraisal of Luke's "God-Fearers" - Kindalee Pfremmer De Long: God Fearers as Characters in Luke-Acts and their Real-World Analogs

Benedikt Hensel (Herausgegeben von)
Born 1979; 2011 PhD; 2016 Habilitation; 2019-21 positions as Interim Professor of Hebrew Bible and Biblical Archaeology at the universities of Mainz and Zurich; Full Professor of Hebrew Bible and Biblical Archaeology at Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg; Director, DA:O | Digital Ancient Studies Oldenburg; and Co-Director of the Hazor excavations/Israel.
Phillip Michael Lasater (Herausgegeben von)
Born 1984; 2011 M.Div. from Union Theological Seminary & PSCE; 2017 PhD from the University of Zürich; Fellow of Blackfriars Hall (Oxford University) and McDonald Agape Professor of Old Testament Theology at the Angelicum (Rome).

• Edited by Benedikt Hensel
• Edited by Phillip Michael Lasater