Bittplatze an agyptischen Tempeln vom 7. Jahrhundert v. Chr. bis zum 4. Jahrhundert n. Chr.
Ihre Architektur, Zuganglichkeit, Ausstattung und Bedeutung
by Julia Dorothea Preisigke-Borsian
“Places of supplication” (“Bittplatze”) are architectural structures in peripheral areas of Egyptian temples. The detailed catalog presented here serves as the basis for the analysis in the main parts of the study, providing information on the architecture of the temples and places of worship as well as the finds. In addition, the dating, research history and excavation status of the individual temples and their places of worship can be found.
“Places of supplication” (“Bittplatze”) are architectural structures in peripheral areas of Egyptian temples: on enclosing walls and gates, in the courtyards and the temple forecourts, but also in the areas behind the temples, which Borchardt described in 1933 as “counter temples” (“Gegentempel”). These have mostly been planned and created by official bodies. From the layout of the temple areas and the structural conditions, it can be seen that probably only selected people such as priests, more precisely prophets, have access to these secondary places of supplication behind the temples. Doors and corridors allowed access to certain, restrictive places, but could also lock them. Primary prayer places directly at the gates, on the surrounding walls of the temple precincts and on the Dromoi were more accessible and were therefore probably visited more often by lay people. In the Nile Valley, the places of prayer have been recorded since the 18th dynasty under Thutmose I, while in the western oases they have only been occupied since the 25th / 26th dynasty. Overall, they were built and used until the Greco-Roman times. A diachronic comparison of the forms of supplication does not reveal any clear development. However, it is noticeable that the secondary petitions behind the temples both in the Nile Valley and in the oases became a typical element of the temple complexes during the Greco-Roman period. They seem to be an expression of changed or further developed cultic actions. This suggests that practices that have taken place at these cult sites in the course of the temple cult may have gained in importance. According to the current state of knowledge, secondary petitions were only available at temples of the gods. This seems logical, given the requests for an answer from Oracle questions or legal questions as well as requests for protection were directed mainly to the gods, less often to godlike or deified people who acted as mediators to the divine sphere. The detailed catalog served as the basis for the analysis in the main parts of the study (Chapters 4 and 5), providing information on the architecture of the temples and places of worship as well as the finds. In addition, the dating, research history and excavation status of the individual temples and their places of worship can be found. In the 43 catalog entries a total of 59 temples are discussed in detail and sorted according to their location in certain regions. Of the 31 oasis temples recorded, 24 sanctuaries could be viewed on site, documented photographically and the observations integrated into the investigation.
- By (author) Julia Dorothea Preisigke-Borsian
Other Titles in this Series
Final Reports of the Lebanese-German Excavations at Beirut, BEY 020. Volume III
Small Objects and the Dog Burials
Volume 108
Altagyptische Weltsichten
Akten des Symposiums zur historischen Topographie und Toponymie Altagyptens vom 12.-14.Mai in Munchen
Volume 68
Inszenierung von Herrschaft und Macht im agyptischen Tempel
Religion und Politik im Theben des fruhen 1. Jahrtausends v. Chr.
Volume 95
From Egypt to the Levant and Beyond
African Individuals and Groupsain Cuneiform Texts from the Late Bronze Age
Volume 133
Ein Kundiger, der in die Gottesworte eingedrungen ist
Festschrift fur den Agyptologen Karl Jansen-Winkeln zum 65. Geburtstag
Volume 99
Transitions during the Early Bronze Age in the Levant
Methodological Problems and Interpretative Perspectives
Volume 109
Dating the Iron Age IIB Archaeological Horizon in Israel and Judah
A Reinvestigation of 'Neo-Assyrian (Period)' Sigillographic and Ceramic Chronological Markers from the 8th and 7th Centuries B.C.
Volume 98
Life at the Dead Sea
Proceedings of the International Conference held at the State Museum of Archaeology Chemnitz (smac), February 21-24, 2018, Chemnitz
Volume 96
Perspectives on the Ramesside Military System
Proceedings of the International Conference Held at the Institute for Egyptology and Coptology of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat, Munich, 1011 December, 2021
Volume 121
Material, Method and Meaning
Papers in Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology in Honor of Ilan Sharon
Volume 110
Rishon le-Zion. Volume I
The Middle Bronze Age II Cemeteries (Volume I/1: The Excavations + Volume I/2: Finds and Conclusions)
Volume 88
‘Now These Records are Ancient’
Studies in Ancient Near Eastern and Biblical History, Language and Culture in Honor of K. Lawson Younger, Jr.
Volume 114
Die Suche nach Gottesnahe
Untersuchungen zur Personlichen Frommigkeit in Agypten von der Ersten Zwischenzeit bis zum Ende des Neuen Reiches
Volume 73
Similar Books
Behind the Scenes of Medieval Roofs
An Overview of the Roofing Systems of Italian Churches
Volume 90
Circulation, Use, Impact
The Consumption of Architectural Books in the Early Modern Eastern Adriatic
Volume 1
Late Antique villae in the Balkans (3rd–7th c. AD): Current Research Questions and Perspectives
HAEMUS Companion to the Late Antique Balkans 1
Volume 4
The Western Nile Delta
ARCE Fieldwork in the Region of Kom Firin and Naukratis (1977-1983) Revisited
To Dimarcheio Tis Ermoupolis | The Town Hall of Ermoupolis
150 chrónia enós neoklasikoú topósimou | 150 Years of a Neoclassical Landmark
Visual Memory and Oblivion
Monuments and Conflicts in Urban Spaces in Central and Eastern Europe from the Nineteenth Century to the Present Day
Archaeological Discoveries at the Temple of Ramesses II in Abydos
Vol. 2: Old Kingdom Wall, Papyri, Ostraca, and Leather Remains
The Southern Room of Amun in the Temple of Hatshepsut
Volume 2: Studies on Decoration and Ritual Function
Volume 11
Die Ägyptenworte im Ezechielbuch
Eine literarhistorische und religionsgeschichtliche Analyse von Ez 29–32
