Die Wallfahrt zum Zweiten Tempel

Untersuchungen zur Entwicklung der Wallfahrtsfeste in vorhasmonaischer Zeit

by Oliver Dyma

Book cover: Die Wallfahrt zum Zweiten Tempel

Extent: 393 pages

Publisher: Mohr Siebeck

Subjects: Ancient Near East, Biblical Studies

Series: Forschungen zum Alten Testament 2.Reihe

Series volume number: 40

Language: German

Paperback (Published)

(December 2009)

ISBN: 9783161497728

Price: $100.00

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Synopsis
Contributing Authors

English summary: Oliver Dyma investigates whether pilgrims from all over the world came to Jerusalem on the occasion of the three pilgrimage festivals Passah, Shavuot and Sukkoth prior to the time of the Hasmoneans. He begins by examining the cult calendars, as they are the normative foundation for the development of a pilgrimage practice. Analyzing the Passah accounts in Chronicles and the retrospection found in the book of Tobit, he draws some conclusions regarding when these works were written. Both share an interest in the pilgrims who came from the north. However, pilgrimages from abroad were not common at that time. It is hardly possible to consider the psalms of ascent (Ps 120-134) as an historical source. Oliver Dyma shows that there were not many pilgrims in pre-Hasmonean times, and substantiates this by analyzing the terminology related to pilgrimages. German description: Die heutige Sicht auf die grossen Wallfahrtsfeste Pesach, Wochen- und Laubhuttenfest ist vor allem durch die Darstellungen im Neuen Testament, bei Josephus und in verschiedenen rabbinischen Texten gepragt. Oliver Dyma geht der Frage nach, ab wann man mit grossen Wallfahrten nach Jerusalem mit Teilnehmern aus aller Welt rechnen kann. Hierzu analysiert er zunachst die sogenannten Kultkalender als normative Grundlage (Ex 23; Ex 34; Dtn 16; Lev 23; Num 28f.). Anschliessend untersucht er die fiktionalen Darstellungen der zwei grossen Pesachfeiern in den Chronikbuchern (2 Chr 30 und 35) sowie die fiktiven Erinnerungen an die Wallfahrten im Buch Tobit. Hierbei liegt der Schwerpunkt auf der Frage, welche historischen Ruckschlusse diese Texte fur die Zeit ihrer Abfassung zulassen. In beiden Werken liegt ein besonderer Fokus auf den Wallfahrern aus dem Gebiet des ehemaligen Nordreiches, jedoch mit unterschiedlicher Akzentsetzung, was auf eine veranderte Wallfahrtspraxis hindeutet. Die sogenannten Wallfahrtspsalmen (Ps 120-134) erweisen sich schliesslich als historisch kaum auswertbare Quellen. In der Zusammenschau zeigt sich, dass man vor der Zeit der Hasmonaer kaum mit einem grossen Wallfahrtsbetrieb am Jerusalemer Tempel rechnen kann. Durch eine Analyse verschiedener Termini, die sonst dafur in Anschlag gebracht werden, zeigt Oliver Dyma, dass von einer spezifischen Wallfahrtsterminologie im Alten Testament nicht die Rede sein kann. Abschliessend ordnet er die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse historisch ein und wirft einen Blick auf die weitere Entwicklung.

By (author) Oliver Dyma

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