Examen de la critique des trois religions monotheistes
By (author) Ibn Kammuna
Ibn Kammuna lived in Baghdad in the thirteenth century. From a family of Jewish scholars, he received a serious literary education, both Jewish and Islamic. His Examination of the Three Faiths consists of four chapters dealing with prophecy in general, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The Examination aims to put the monotheistic rel
English summary: Ibn Kammuna lived in Baghdad in the thirteenth century. From a family of Jewish scholars, he received a serious literary education, both Jewish and Islamic. His Examination of the Three Faiths consists of four chapters dealing with prophecy in general, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The Examination aims to put the monotheistic religions on an equal footing in a fundamentally humanist perspective: to identify their common denominator, which is the call to mankind to strive towards the highest moral conduct. French text. French description: Ibn Kammuna vecut a Bagdad au XIIIe siecle (ca 1215-ca 1285). Issu d’une lignee de lettres juifs, il recut une serieuse education litteraire, aussi bien juive qu’islamique. Il fut medecin repute, philosophe autodidacte, verse dans les mathematiques et la logique. Il est connu des musulmans par ses commentaires sur les Isharat d’Avicenne et surtout sur les Talwihat de Suhrawardi, le grand philosophe illuminationiste iranien du XIIe siecle. Lorsqu’en 1280 il acheve le Tanqih, l’islam, religion majoritaire, n’est plus, depuis la prise de Bagdad par les Mongols en 1258, religion officielle de l’etat. Cette situation exceptionnelle explique la critique franche de l’islam qu’il y exprime. L’ouvrage comprend quatre chapitres traitant successivement de la prophetie en general, du judaisme, du christianisme et de l’islam. La discussion de chaque religion est depassionnee. Anime par l’esprit d’equite, Ibn Kammuna donne toujours la parole aux differentes factions religieuses. A l’egard des trois monotheismes, il manifeste une objectivite relative; defendant fermement le judaisme, la religion devanciere decriee par les deux autres, il se montre plus complaisant envers le christianisme et plus rigoureux envers l’islam. C’est qu’il vise a mettre toutes les religions sur un pied d’egalite, dans une perspective fondamentalement humaniste : degager leur denominateur commun qui est l’appel adresse aux hommes pour tendre vers la conduite morale la plus elevee.
- By (author) Ibn Kammuna
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Semantique et ontologie des propositions chez Jean Duns Scot, Gauthier Burley, Richard Brinkley et Jean Wyclif
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