Arwad, cite phenicienne du nord
by J. Elayi and A.G. Elayi
English summary: Arwad was the great Phoenician city of the North, located on an island off the coast of Syria. Unlike other major Phoenician cities during the Phoenician times (1200 – 333 BC), Arwad’s history has not yet been written. This is due to the fact that the sources are incomplete, scattered, and heterogeneous. French description: Arwad, nommee ‘RWD en phenicien, URU/KUR a-ru-a-da/a-ru-ad-da en akkadien et Arados en grec, etait la grande cite phenicienne du nord, situee sur une OEle au large de la Syrie. Son histoire n’a jamais ete ecrite, contrairement a celle des autres grandes cites pheniciennes comme Tyr, Sidon et Byblos. L’histoire de la cite a l’epoque phenicienne, c’est-a-dire entre 1200 et 333 avant notre ere, est difficile a ecrire pour differentes raisons, notamment parce que les sources sont lacunaires, dispersees et tres heterogenes. Apres une periode initiale d’independance, Arwad a experimente successivement la domination assyrienne, babylonienne et perse, sur laquelle nous sommes le mieux informe, notamment gryce a la numismatique. Malgre plusieurs points communs avec les autres cites pheniciennes, sans oublier sa participation a la fondation du conseil federal de Tripolis, elle occupait une place a part au sein de la Phenicie. Culturellement proche de la Syrie du Nord, elle entretenait des relations avec le sud de la Turquie et Chypre plutot qu’avec les cites pheniciennes meridionales et les autres Etats du sud. Dans les conflits entre les grandes puissances, elle etait attiree dans l’orbite des Etats du nord, depuis les Hittites jusqu’aux Seleucides, aussi bien au deuxieme qu’au premier millenaire avant notre ere.
- By (author) AG Elayi
- By (author) J Elayi
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