Oralite et ecriture

by Walter J. Ong and translated by Helene Hiessler, afterword by John Hartley

Extent: 240 pages

Publisher: Les Belles Lettres

Subjects: Language & Linguistics

Series: Graphe

Series volume number: 2

Language: French

Paperback (Published)

(March 2014)

ISBN: 9782251150024

Price: $36.00

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Synopsis
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English summary: In this classic work of modern philosophy, Walter Ong examines the differences between the written and spoken word. From Antiquity to medieval Scholastics, African oral cultures to structuralism, Ong shows how the passage to writing leads to profound cognitive changes that go far beyond the simple transcription of an oral discourse on a physical surface. Ongs analysis is all the more pertinent as it brings electronic media, which was only just beginning when he was writing in the 1980s, into this essential discussion. French description: Cet ouvrage traite des differences entre oralite et ecriture; ou plutot, dans la mesure ou les lecteurs de ce livre ont par definition une connaissance intime de la culture ecrite, le sujet sera premierement la pensee et son expression verbale dans la culture orale, qui nous est inconnue et nous deroute parfois, et deuxiemement la pensee et l’expression ecrites envisagees sous l’angle de leur emergence de l’oralite et de leur relation a elle. Oralite et ecriture est le premier livre traduit en francais du jesuite et universitaire americain Walter J. Ong. Collegue et ami de Marshall McLuhan, qu’il n’est pas sans avoir influence, Walter Ong deploie dans cet ouvrage une erudition vertigineuse (de l’epopee grecque au structuralisme en passant par les scolastiques medievaux et les cultures orales africaines) afin de montrer en quoi l’apparition de l’ecriture – et celle de ses supports – induit des changements cognitifs profonds qui vont au-dela de la simple retranscription du discours oral sur une surface comme le papier ou l’ecran d’un ordinateur. Des tablettes sumeriennes aux premiers ordinateurs personnels, que Walter Ong decouvrit au debut des annees 1980 alors qu’il ecrivait Oralite et ecriture, cet ouvrage s’interesse egalement au contraste entre les medias electroniques et l’imprime qui prolonge celui, plus ancien, entre ecriture et oralite. L’epoque electronique est, pour Ong, une epoque de l’ oralite secondaire : celle des telephones, de la radio, de la television – dont l’existence depend de l’ecriture et de l’imprime -, mais aussi, pourrait-on ajouter en ce debut de XXIe siecle, celle de l’Internet. Le passage de l’oralite a l’ecriture, puis au traitement electronique, implique des structures sociales, economiques, politiques ou religieuses differentes, que Walter Ong expose en detail dans ce livre classique, traduit en une douzaine de langues et desormais accessible au lectorat francophone.

Preface - John Hartley

Avant Ong

Introduction

1 - L'oralite du langage

2 - La modernite a la decouverte des cultures orales primaires

3 - Psychodynamique de l'oralite

4 - L'ecriture restructure la conscience

5 - Imprime, espace et conclusion

6 - Memoire orale, intrigue et caracterisation

7 - Quelques theoremes

Postface - John Hartley

"Apres Ong"

Remerciements

Bibliographie

Index

By (author) Walter J Ong
Afterword by John Hartley
Translated by Helene Hiessler

... la perspective ouverte par Ong est celle d'une histoire materielle de la pensee et de son fonctionnement... Il reste actuel.
—

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