The Roman Marble Sculptures from the Sanctuary of Pan at Caesarea Philippi/Panias (Israel)
by Elise A. Friedland
This is the first publication on a deposit of broken marble statues, discovered in 1992 during excavations of the Roman Sanctuary of Pan at Caesarea Philippi , in Panias, Israel.
“Friedland has done an excellent job of examining from all possible angles this difficult corpus of fragmentary statuary from Panias.” — Irene Bald Romano, University of Arizona, Bryn Mawr Classical Review (2013.03.41) This constitutes the first publication of a deposit of broken, marble statues, discovered in 1992 during excavations of the Roman Sanctuary of Pan at Caesarea Philippi (Banias, Israel). From 245 fragments, twenty-nine statues ranging from colossal to miniature and representing mainstream Graeco-Roman deities and mythological figures are reconstructed. Most date stylistically to the first through the late fourth centuries AD. A catalogue discusses each sculpture’s subject, comparanda, workshop associations, and date; three interpretive chapters present the artistic and material origins of the sculptures; patterns of patronage, chronology of sculptural dedication, and display; and sculptural evidence for the sanctuary’s pantheon.
Chapter 1 - The Sculptures as Idealplastik The Levant: A Viable Venue for Roman Marble Sculpture? History of the Scholarship on Roman Marble Sculpture from the Levant The Historical Context of the Sculptures The Archaeological Context of the Sculptures Findspot of the Sculptures Outline of Chapters: Origins
Patronage, Chronology, and Display
Subjects
and Function Chapter 2 - The Origins of the Sculptures: Marble Provenience, Technical and Stylistic Characteristics, Production, and Acquisition Marble Provenience: Isotopic Analyses of the Paneion Sculptures Sculptural Traditions of the Paneion Sculptures: Technical and Stylistic Analyses Production of the Paneion Sculptures: Evidence for Carving Marble Statuary in the Levant Ports of Entry into the Levant and Modes of Acquisition Conclusion: The Asiatic Origins of the Sculptures Chapter 3 - Patronage, Chronology, and Display: Patterns of Sculptural Dedication at the Sanctuary The Epigraphic Evidence Related to Sculptural Dedication The Patrons of the Sculptures The Chronology of Sculptural Dedication The Display of the Sculptures Patterns of Sculptural Dedication at the Sanctuary The Chronology of Sculptural Dedication at the Sanctuary in Light of the Imperial Marble Trade in the Levant Conclusion Chapter 4 - The Subjects of the Sculptures: The Graeco-Roman Pantheon of the Sanctuary of Pan The Sculptural Evidence for the Main Cult Deities of the Sanctuary The Sculptural Evidence for "Visiting Deities": The "Circle of Pan" The Sculptural Evidence for "Visiting Deities": Non-Pan-Related Figures The Sculptural Evidence for the Imperial Cult The Absence of Private Portraits at the Sanctuary Conclusion Chapter 5 - The Function and Meaning of the Sculptures: The Sanctuary of Pan as Graeco-Roman Cult Center in the Levant The Sculptures from the Sanctuary of Pan: Origins, Chronology, Patrons, Display, Subjects Local Context: Function and Meaning of the Sculptures Regional Context: A Graeco-Roman Sanctuary in a Semitic Milieu Roman Imperial Context: The Paneion Sculptures and "Romanization" Conclusion Catalogue of the Sculptures Appendices 1. Findspots for Sculptural Fragments Discovered in Dumps Associated with the Tripartite Hall 2. Findspots for Sculptural Fragments Discovered Throughout the Site 3. Small, Non-Restorable Sculptural Fragments Discovered at the Sanctuary of Pan, Caesarea Philippi/Panias 4. Bust of Antinous from Caesarea Philippi/Panias Bibliography Index Tables Illustrations
- By (author) Elise A. Friedland
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