Scribes d’Ougarit et paléographie akkadienne
Les textes juridiques signés
By (author) F. Ernst-Pradal
English Summary: The volume Ras Shamra – Ougarit XXVII presents the results of Francoise Ernst-Pradal’s research on the palaeography of signed legal texts discovered at Ugarit and written in ideo-syllabic cuneiform. The study focuses on the question of the hands of scribes. The vast majority of the written documents discovered at this site are anonymous, but he method used, based on digital photographs of the original tablets, preserved in the national museums of Damascus and Aleppo and at the Louvre, reveals characteristics specific to the writing of each of the scribes and shows that the scribes’ hands present a complex reality. The results obtained for the twenty-seven scribes who signed eighty-three texts are discussed after being tested by cross-referencing their spelling with those of the anonymous tablets. They confirm some of the hypotheses put forward by researchers and invalidate others that are sometimes commonly accepted. Unsigned tablet writers were identified, opening new perspectives for research on issues of dating, training, and organization of scribes and their links to religious and economic domains, as well as to the powers in place in the kingdom of Ugarit during the Late Bronze Age. French Description: Le volume Ras Shamra – Ougarit XXVII presente les resultats de la recherche que Francoise Ernst-Pradal a consacre a la paleographie des textes juridiques signes mis au jour a Ras Shamra-Ougarit et rediges en cuneiforme ideo-syllabique. L’etude s”attache plus particulierement a la question des mains de scribes. Quand on sait que 96% de la documentation ecrite decouverte sur ce site est anonyme, on en mesure l’interet. La methode mise en oeuvre a partir des photographies numeriques des tablettes originales, conservees dans les musees nationaux de Damas et d’Alep et au musee du Louvre, fait apparaOEtre des caracteristiques propres a l’ecriture de chacun des scribes et montre que les mains de scribes sont une realite complexe. Les resultats obtenus pour les vingt-sept scribes signataires de quatre-vingt-trois textes sont discutes apres avoir ete mis a l’epreuve en croisant leurs graphies avec celles des tablettes anonymes. Ils confirment certaines hypotheses emises par les chercheurs et en invalident d’autres parfois communement admises. Des redacteurs de tablettes non signees ont pu etre identifies, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pour la recherche sur les questions de datation, de formation, d’organisation des scribes et de leurs liens avec les domaines religieux et economiques ainsi qu’avec les pouvoirs en place au royaume d’Ougarit a la periode du Bronze Recent.
- By (author) F. Ernst-Pradal
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