Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea and the Importance of the Pontic Region for the Graeco-Roman World (7th century BC-5th century AD): 20 Years On (1997-2017)

The proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Black Sea Antiquities (Constanta, 2017) is dedicated to the 90th birthday of Prof. Sir John Boardman, President of the Congress since its inception. The central theme returns to that considered 20 years earlier: the importance of the Pontic Region for the Graeco-Roman World.

The Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea presents the Proceedings of the Sixth International Congress on Black Sea Antiquities, dedicated to the 90th birthday of Prof. Sir John Boardman, President of the Congress since its inception. It was held in Constanta in September 2017 with the same theme as the first of these congresses, which took place just down the coast in Varna 20 years earlier (‘the Greeks and Romans in the Black Sea and the importance of the Pontic region for the Graeco-Roman world between the 7th century BC and 5th century AD’), celebrating the work of successive congresses in bringing together scholars and scholarship from Eastern and Western Europe and the extensive progress of ‘Black Sea Studies’ in the intervening years. Overall, 85 papers were received for publication from authors in Western and Eastern Europe-there is also a full set of the abstracts submitted to the Congress in Appendix 2. As with previous congresses, the work is divided into sections, the largest of which, the fourth, is, following a pattern established with the first congress, devoted to New Excavations and Projects. The opening lectures and various papers in the first sections reflect (on) the ’20 years on’ in the title. The vast majority of contributions are in English, a handful each in French and German.

Principal Editor's Preface and Acknowledgments - Gocha R. Tsetskhladze Message from the President of the International Organising Committee - John Boardman Welcome by the Secretary-General - Gocha R. Tsetskhladze Opening Lectures Pontic studies twenty years on: terra incognita - Gocha R. Tsetskhladze Studies in Pontic epigraphy 1997-2017. Reviews and prospects - Alexandru Avram Section 1: Foundation of Greek Colonies and the Character of Greek Colonisation; their Relationship with Pontic and Near Eastern Local Populations The 'Western Cimmerians' and the first Greek settlers in the Troad - Jan G. de Boer Colonisation and foundation myth in the Pontic regions - Ivy Faulkner-Gentry Founding the Black Sea settlements. Between literary and archaeological narrative - John Brendan Knight Colonisation of Miletus in the Propontis and Pontus - the view from Sardis - Alexandar Portalsky L'onomastique des magistrats monetaires d'Apollonia du Pont - Dan Dana, Madalina Dana Understanding Greek-native interaction in early Greek Black Sea colonisation. An example from Istros/Histria - Lieve Donnellan Orgame necropolis: a contextual study of the earliest pottery imports - Pierre Dupont and Vasilica Lungu Myrmekion during and after Greek colonisation - Alexander Butyagin Comparative research between the Macedonian tombs and the Scythian kurgans - Peli Plika Giresun and its vicinity in the Greek colonisation period - Salih Kaymakci Between crisis and conflicts: the territory of Apollonia Pontica in the Late Classical and Early Hellenistic periods - Alexandre Baralis, Martin Gyuzelev and Krastina Panayotova The farming of the Azov coast of East Crimea: a unique type of 'agricultural fortress' - Aleksei Kasparov Women warriors(?) and the Amazon myth: the evidence of female burials with weapons in the Black Sea area - Despoina Vovoura Section 2: Pontus and Athens; Pontic Art; Religion; Navigation and Trade; Pontic Kingdoms Thasos et la mer Noire aux epoques classique et hellenistique: 'grandeur et decadence' d'un circuit economique - Thibaut Castelli From the tower of Kronos to the island of Achilles: placing Leuce in the Greek conception of heroic apotheosis - Marios Kamenou Cultes marins, cultes ioniens en mer Noire - Alexandra Li?u, Valentin Bottez and Alexandra ?arlea Imports and imitations? Some observations on Archaic kouroi discovered in the Black Sea region - Veronika Sossau Zur Fruhgeschichte der Tempelzone von Histria: Vorlaufiger Bericht uber zwei altere Fundkomplexe - Konrad Zimmermann The Paphlagonians and the Greeks' perception of them - Manolis Manoledakis Aspects of the economy of the Greek colonies on the west coast of the Black Sea: end of the Archaic-Hellenistic period - Nicolaie Alexandru Trade routes and the historical geography of the south-western coast of the Black Sea and the mouth of the Bosporus - Mustafa H. Sayar Pistiros: urban planning and functional analysis - Jan Bouzek() and Barbora Weissova Some observations on the dynamics of trade in transport amphorae on the Berezan settlement - Dmitry Chistov Attic black-glazed import in the European Bosporus in the 6th-2nd centuries BC - Tatiana Egorova The capital of the Scythian kingdom in the Dobrudja - Metodi Manov Alexander of Macedon, Pharasmanes of Chorezm and Zopyrion: the impossible alliance - Dan-Tudor Ionescu The partition of Thrace after the death of Alexander the Great: Lysimachus, heir of the Odrysian kingdom? - Alienor Rufin Solas Anthropomorphic rod-formed pendants and beads from the West Pontic coast (and Thrace) - Mila Chacheva Euergetism and benefaction in ancient Olbia - Oksana Ruchynska Bithynia: the Phrygian interface - Maya Vassileva Section 3: Later Republic and Early Empire in Pontus and the Relationship with the Local Population; Art; Religion; Navigation and Trade Quelques remarques sur la population de Topolog et de Mihai Bravu (nord de la Mesie Inferieure) - Lucretiu Mihailescu-Birliba Roman and Late Roman Pontic cargoes in the Aegean: the evidence from shipwrecks - George Koutsouflakis and Peter B. Campbell The circulation of counterfeit coins in Roman Dobrudja (1st-3rd centuries AD) - Gabriel Custurea and Dan Vasilescu Anatolian stonemasons and the West Pontic region: imported models and techniques in the architectural decorations of the early Principate - Zdravko Dimitrov Rewriting Pontic ethne: problems and prospects - Denver Graninger Protecting the grave in a Graeco-Roman city: a look at the West Pontic coast - Dragos Halmagi Balbus, A Roman surveyor in Dacia - Alexandru Morintz Between civil and religious law in funerary practice within Roman settlements on the western shore of the Black Sea - Ioana Muresan and Lucian-Mircea Muresan Anastasius' coins in the eastern Carpathian regions (AD 491-518) - Sergiu Musteata On some unknown Pontic amphora types from Roman and Early Byzantine times - Andrei Opait Die Romer in dem 'linken' Pontus: der Fall des Ovidius - Alexander Podossinov Buildings for gladiatorial fights in the Roman Black Sea provinces - Marius C. Streinu Local cultures narrated in art: Dacian architecture as reflected on Trajan's Column - Georgia Aristodemou The concept of strategic culture and its applicability in the fields of ancient history - Lorenzo Boragno Amasya in the Early Byzantine period - Emine Naza Donmez Moving supplies to the Roman garrison in Dobrogea - Stephen Matthews The fortification system of the kingdom of Lazika (Egrisi) in the 4th-6th centuries AD - Nikoloz Murgulia Late Hellenistic and Early Roman pottery at Rachelu. The current state of research on an open settlement close to Noviodunum - Alina Streinu and Vasilica Lungu Some notes on the 'founder' cult in western Pontic cities in the Roman period - Ivo Topalilov Section 4: New Excavations and Projects A Punic necklace from Oluz Hoyuk: a general evaluation for Anatolia - Sevket Donmez The place of amphorae from Oluz Hoyuk in northern Anatolian and Black Sea archaeology - Fidane Abazoglu Amisos terracotta statuettes in Istanbul Archaeological Museums - Sumer Atasoy The coins found at the excavations of Amasya/Oluz Hoyuk, 2009-2013 - Bulent Ozturk Terracotta production of the Black Sea coast of Turkey: the example of Sinope - Zeynep Kocel Erdem The castle of Golkoy (Habsamana)/Ordu - Davut Yigitpasa Bemerkungen zu einer Gruppe von Grabstelen aus dem Museum von Sinop - Akin Temur New data about the western part of Tanais - the fortifications and their vicinity - Marcin Matera Strabo's 'Old Chersonesus' in historiography and in the light of current research - Angelina Zedgenidze From Archaeopolis to Onoguris: excavations in the heart of Lazika - Paul Everill, David Lomitashvili, Nikoloz Murgulia, Besik Lordkipanidze and Ian Colvin A city reconfigured: old and new research concerning Late Roman urbanism in Istros - Irina Achim, Valentin Bottez, Mircea Angelescu, Lauren?iu Cliante, Alexandra ?arlea and Alexandra Litu New masters - new rules. The beginning of the Roman Imperial cult in Istros - Valentin Bottez and Gabriel Talmatchi Cold case reopened: a Late Classical tomb in Apollonia Pontica - Margarit Damyanov, Maria Reho and Krastina Panayotova Considerations regarding the Domus-type Roman urban house from Scythia Minor (4th-6th centuries AD) - Gabriel Talmatchi Concerning Athenian black-figure vases from Panticapaeum - Andrey Agafonov and Olga Samar Specific features of ceramic materials from the earliest level of Panticapaeum - Natalia Astashova Coastal Geoarchaeology of the Danube Delta. Results from Halmyris, Enisala and Istros - Alexandra Bivolaru, Matthieu Giaime, Christophe Morhange, Valerie Andrieu-Ponel, Veronica Rossi, Nick Marriner and Alfred Vespremeanu-Stroe A Hellenistic family tomb and two Early Roman graves from Apollonia Pontica - Teodora Bogdanova, Margarita Popova, Dimitar Nedev and Milena Krumova Recent finds of Hellenistic mould-made relief bowls from the Ordu/Fatsa Cingirt Kayasi excavations in the southern Black Sea region - Ayse F. Erol and Deniz Tamer Late Roman tableware imports (from recent research in Histria/Istros) - Iulia Iliescu and Valentin Bottez Pichvnari Classical cemetery - Amiran Kakhidze and Emzar Kakhidze Ash Hill 2 of Myrmekion: analysis of structure and bulk finds - Vladimir Kolosov Coin finds from the recent excavations of Hermonassa - Sergei A. Kovalenko Archaeological evidence of Thracian-Greek cultural contacts in the south-eastern part of the Dobrudja plateau during the Hellenistic period - Vassil Markov Late Archaic relief plaques with warriors from Apollonia Pontica - Krastina Panayotova, Daniela Stoyanova and Margarit Damyanov Stone anchors and stone and lead stocks from the Archaeological Museum in Varna, Bulgaria - Preslav I. Peev Attic red-figure pottery from Sinope - Suhal Saglan and Zafer Korkmaz Pontic sigillata pottery from a villa rustica in Paphlagonia - Fusun Tulek Section 5: Varia What's in a name? Who might be Basilissa Ulpia from Mtskheta? - Eka Avaliani Albanians and Sarmatians: overlapping identities in the eastern Caucasus - Lara Fabian Studia Straboniana. The didactic character of the Geography and the Romanophilia of its author - Lyubov Gratsianskaya Ancient pottery from the Balkans: architectural motifs - Sasha Lozanova and Stela Tasheva The inhospitable and dangerous Salmydessus - Miroslav Ivanov Vasilev Iconographic personifications in Armenia and Bithynia-Phrygia - Viktorya Vasilyan Appendix 1 - Congress Programme Appendix 2 - Congress Abstracts of papers List of contributors/lead authors and contact details, Principal Editor’s Preface and Acknowledgments – Gocha R. TsetskhladzeJohn BoardmanGocha R. Tsetskhladze Opening Lecturesterra incognita – Gocha R. TsetskhladzeAlexandru Avram Section 1: Foundation of Greek Colonies and the Character of Greek Colonisation; their Relationship with Pontic and Near Eastern Local PopulationsJan G. de BoerIvy Faulkner-GentryJohn Brendan KnightAlexandar PortalskyDan Dana, Madalina DanaLieve DonnellanPierre Dupont and Vasilica LunguAlexander Butyaginkurgans – Peli PlikaSalih KaymakçiAlexandre Baralis, Martin Gyuzelev and Krastina PanayotovaAleksei KasparovDespoina Vovoura Section 2: Pontus and Athens; Pontic Art; Religion; Navigation and Trade; Pontic KingdomsThibaut CastelliMarios KamenouAlexandra Lițu, Valentin Bottez and Alexandra Țârleakouroi discovered in the Black Sea region – Veronika SossauKonrad ZimmermannManolis ManoledakisNicolaie AlexandruMustafa H. SayarJan Bouzek(†) and Barbora WeissováDmitry ChistovTatiana EgorovaMetodi ManovDan-Tudor IonescuAliénor Rufin SolasMila ChachevaOksana RuchynskaMaya Vassileva Section 3: Later Republic and Early Empire in Pontus and the Relationship with the Local Population; Art; Religion; Navigation and TradeLucreţiu Mihailescu-BîrlibaGeorge Koutsouflakis and Peter B. CampbellGabriel Custurea and Dan VasilescuZdravko Dimitrovethne: problems and prospects – Denver GraningerDragoș HălmagiAlexandru MorintzIoana Mureșan and Lucian-Mircea MureșanSergiu MusteațăAndrei OpaiţAlexander PodossinovMarius C. StreinuGeorgia AristodemouLorenzo BoragnoEmine Naza DönmezStephen MatthewsNikoloz MurguliaAlina Streinu and Vasilica LunguIvo Topalilov Section 4: New Excavations and ProjectsŞevket DönmezFidane AbazoğluSümer AtasoyBülent ÖztürkZeynep Koçel ErdemDavut YiğitpaşaAkın TemürMarcin MateraAngelina ZedgenidzePaul Everill, David Lomitashvili, Nikoloz Murgulia, Besik Lordkipanidze and Ian ColvinIrina Achim, Valentin Bottez, Mircea Angelescu, Laurențiu Cliante, Alexandra Țârlea and Alexandra LițuValentin Bottez and Gabriel TalmațchiMargarit Damyanov, Maria Reho and Krastina PanayotovaDomus-type Roman urban house from Scythia Minor (4th-6th centuries AD) – Gabriel TalmațchiAndrey Agafonov and Olga SamarNatalia AstashovaAlexandra Bivolaru, Matthieu Giaime, Christophe Morhange, Valérie Andrieu-Ponel, Veronica Rossi, Nick Marriner and Alfred Vespremeanu-StroeTeodora Bogdanova, Margarita Popova, Dimitar Nedev and Milena KrumovaAyşe F. Erol and Deniz TamerIulia Iliescu and Valentin BottezAmiran Kakhidze and Emzar KakhidzeVladimir KolosovSergei A. KovalenkoVassil MarkovKrastina Panayotova, Daniela Stoyanova and Margarit DamyanovPreslav I. PeevSuhal Sağlan and Zafer Korkmazvılla rustıca ın Paphlagonıa – Füsun Tülek Section 5: VariaEka AvalianiLara FabianStudia Straboniana. The didactic character of the Geography and the Romanophilia of its author – Lyubov GratsianskayaSasha Lozanova and Stela TashevaMiroslav Ivanov VasilevViktorya Vasilyan Appendix 1 – Congress Programme ;