Bernard Bolzano: De la methode mathematique et la Correspondance avec Exner

By (author) Vrin

Extent: 256, 256 pages

Publisher: Librairie Philosophique J. Vrin

Subjects: Philosophy

Series: Bibliothèque des Textes Philosophiques

Language: French

Paperback (Published)

(May 2008)

ISBN: 9782711619085

Price: $35.00

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Synopsis
Contributing Authors

Bernard Bolzano (1781-1848) a passe toute sa vie en Boheme, qui faisait encore partie de l’Empire autrichien. Apres des etudes de philosophie, mathematique et theologie, il est devenu pretre et professeur de Science de la religion a l’Universite de Prague. Heritier de l’Aufklarung, il a consacre sa vie a la reforme de la semi-feodale societe autrichienne et a la reforme des sciences a priori: logique, mathematique et theologie. Ses critiques de la constitution et de l’ordre existant lui valurent d’etre destitue de sa chaire en 1819 et de passer le reste de sa vie en exil interieur entoure d’un petit cercle d’amis, ecrivant ses grands traites: le Traite de science de la religion (1834), la Theorie de la science (1837), la Theorie des grandeurs ainsi que l’utopie Du meilleur Etat et les Paradoxes de l’infini (1851). Le texte De la methode mathematique, extrait de l’Introduction a la Theorie des grandeurs, resume quelques unes de ses plus importantes innovations en logique et presente sa philosophie des mathematiques, concue en opposition a Kant. Bolzano l’a choisi pour l’envoyer a Franz Exner, nomme professeur de philosophie a l’Universite de Prague en 1831. L’echange epistolaire qui s’en est suivi tourne autour des deux theses controversees de la logique de Bolzano: sa conception des objets logiques en soi, independants de la pensee et de la langue, et son concept d’intuition. Dans cette controverse s’est joue le sort de la philosophie autrichienne. Bolzano n’a pas reussi a convaincre Exner, qui lui oppose avec tenacite les idees de Herbart.

By (author) Vrin

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