Sasanian Archaeology: Settlements, Environment and Material Culture

This collection of essays offers an examination of the Sasanian empire based almost entirely on archaeological and scientific research, much presented here for the first time. The book is divided into three parts examining Sasanian sites, settlements and landscapes; their complex agricultural resources; and their crafts and industrie

The Sasanian empire was one of the great powers of Late Antiquity, and for four centuries ruled the vast region stretching from Syria and the Caucasus to Central Asia. Classical, Armenian, Jewish and Arab written sources throw light on its history, and studies of its rock reliefs, stuccoes, silver, silks, coins and glyptic have created a picture of a rich courtly culture with a strong Iranian character. However, the everyday material culture is much less understood, as is the economy which sustained and supported the Sasanian empire and underpinned its consistent military superiority over its western rivals. This collection of essays looks at these aspects and offers an approach based almost entirely on archaeological and scientific research, much presented here for the first time. This book is divided into three parts which in turn examine evidence for Sasanian sites, settlements and landscapes, their complex agricultural resources, and their crafts and industries. Each section is preceded by an essay setting out the wider research questions and current state of knowledge. The book begins and ends with a general introduction and conclusion setting out why this new approach is necessary, and how it helps change our perceptions of the complexity and power of the Sasanian empire.

General Introduction - St John Simpson PART ONE: Sites, Settlements and Landscapes Part One: Sites, Settlements and Landscapes - Introduction - St John Simpson Parthian and Sasanian Site and Settlement Patterns on the Deh Luran Plain, Khuzistan Province, South-West Iran - J.A. Neely The Sasanian Colonisation of the Mughan Steppe, Ardebil Province, North-West Iran - Jason Ur and Karim Alizadeh The Army and Urbanism at the Sasanian Empire's Northern Frontiers:Fieldwork on the Linear Barriers, Fortresses and Cities at the Margins of the Gorgan Plain (Results of a Joint Project Between the Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicraft and Tourism Organisation and the Universities of Edinburgh and Durham) - Hamid Omrani Rekavandi (HO), Eberhard W. Sauer (EWS), Tony J. Wilkinson (TW), Ghorban Ali Abbasi (GA), Roger Ainslie (RA), Francesco Caputo (FC), Mohammad Ershadi (ME), Morteza Fattahi (MF), Nikolaus Galiatsatos (NG), Kristen Hopper (KH), Julian Jansen Van Rensburg (JJ), Eve Macdonald (EM), Majid Mahmoudi (MM), Amin Nazifi (AN), Jebrael Nokandeh (JN), Chris Oatley (CO), Seth Priestman (SP), James Ratcliffe (JR), Kourosh Roustaei (KR), Esmail Safari Tamak (EST), Bardia Shabani (BS) and Lucian Steven Usher-WilsoN (SU) A Temple Among the Fields: Preliminary Reconstruction of an Agricultural Landscape in the Serakhs Oasis, Southern Turkmenistan - Barbara Kaim Excavations at Kirpichli depe in Dehistan - A.E. Atagarryev The First Season of Excavations at the Sasanian Site of Tole Qaleh Seyfabad (TQS), South-west Iran: Preliminary Report - Parsa Ghasemi, Reza Noruzi and Azizallah Rezaei Sasanian and Early Islamic Settlement Patterns North of the Persian Gulf - Ahmadali Asadi, Seyed Mehdi Mousavi Kouhpar, Javad Neyestani and Alireza Hojabri Nobari Bushehr, Dashtestan and Siraf: the Transformation of the Maritime Trade Network in the Middle Persian Gulf - Seth M. N. Priestman PART TWO: Environment and Resources Charcoal and Wood in Fuel Residues in Sasanian and Early Islamic Merv: Wood Resources and Environmental Implications - Rowena Gale Exploitation of Wood at Kush (Ras Al-Khaimah, UAE) in Sasanian Times: Results of the Charcoal Analysis - Margareta Tengberg Two Sasanian Archaeofaunas from the Hamrin Basin, Eastern Iraq - F.G. Fedele Fracture Patterns Amongst Sasanian Bones at Merv - Ian Smith PART THREE: Material Culture Part Three: Material Culture - Introduction - St John Simpson Sasanian Pottery: Archaeological Evidence for Production, Circulation and Diachronic Change - St John Simpson Imitations and Innovations in Kushano-Sasanian Pottery - V.A. Zavyalov Parthian, Sasanian and Islamic Pottery and Occupation of the Deh Luran Plain, South-west Iran - David V. Hill Magic and Inter-Communal Relations in Sasanian Iraq: the Case of the Incantation Bowls - Ali G. Scotten The Dating of Sasanian Glass in the Light of Excavated Finds from Bahrain - S.F. Andersen Reconstruction of the Process of Cutting of Two Sasanian Glass Bowls in the Okayama Orient Museum and the British Museum - Tami Ishida Sasanian Swords and Scabbards in the British Museum: A Scientific Analysis - J. Lang and St J. Simpson General Conclusion - St John Simpson Bibliography Index, General Introduction – St John Simpson PART ONE: Sites, Settlements and Landscapes Part One: Sites, Settlements and Landscapes - Introduction – St John Simpson Parthian and Sasanian Site and Settlement Patterns on the Deh Luran Plain, Khuzistan Province, South-West Iran – J.A. Neely The Sasanian Colonisation of the Mughan Steppe, Ardebil Province, North-West Iran – Jason Ur and Karim Alizadeh The Army and Urbanism at the Sasanian Empire’s Northern Frontiers:Fieldwork on the Linear Barriers, Fortresses and Cities at the Margins of the Gorgan Plain (Results of a Joint Project Between the Iranian Cultural Heritage, Handicraft and Tourism Organisation and the Universities of Edinburgh and Durham) – Hamid Omrani Rekavandi (HO), Eberhard W. Sauer (EWS), Tony J. Wilkinson (TW),† Ghorban Ali Abbasi (GA), Roger Ainslie (RA), Francesco Caputo (FC), Mohammad Ershadi (ME), Morteza Fattahi (MF), Nikolaus Galiatsatos (NG), Kristen Hopper (KH), Julian Jansen Van Rensburg (JJ), Eve Macdonald (EM), Majid Mahmoudi (MM), Amin Nazifi (AN), Jebrael Nokandeh (JN), Chris Oatley (CO), Seth Priestman (SP), James Ratcliffe (JR), Kourosh Roustaei (KR), Esmail Safari Tamak (EST), Bardia Shabani (BS) and Lucian Steven Usher-WilsoN (SU A Temple Among the Fields: Preliminary Reconstruction of an Agricultural Landscape in the Serakhs Oasis, Southern Turkmenistan – Barbara Kaim Excavations at Kirpichli depe in Dehistan – A.E. Atagarryev The First Season of Excavations at the Sasanian Site of Tole Qaleh Seyfabad (TQS), South-west Iran: Preliminary Report – Parsa Ghasemi, Reza Noruzi and Azizallah Rezaei Sasanian and Early Islamic Settlement Patterns North of the Persian Gulf – Ahmadali Asadi, Seyed Mehdi Mousavi Kouhpar, Javad Neyestani and Alireza Hojabri Nobari Bushehr, Dashtestan and Siraf: the Transformation of the Maritime Trade Network in the Middle Persian Gulf – Seth M. N. Priestman PART TWO: Environment and Resources Charcoal and Wood in Fuel Residues in Sasanian and Early Islamic Merv: Wood Resources and Environmental Implications – Rowena Gale Exploitation of Wood at Kush (Ras Al-Khaimah, UAE) in Sasanian Times: Results of the Charcoal Analysis – Margareta Tengberg Two Sasanian Archaeofaunas from the Hamrin Basin, Eastern Iraq – F.G. Fedele Fracture Patterns Amongst Sasanian Bones at Merv – Ian Smith PART THREE: Material Culture Part Three: Material Culture - Introduction – St John Simpson Sasanian Pottery: Archaeological Evidence for Production, Circulation and Diachronic Change – St John Simpson Imitations and Innovations in Kushano-Sasanian Pottery – V.A. Zavyalov† ;