Theophraste, Les causes des phenomenes vegetaux

Tome I: Livres I et II

edited and translated by Suzanne Amigues

Book cover: Theophraste, Les causes des phenomenes vegetaux

Extent: 364 pages

Publisher: Les Belles Lettres

Subjects: Classical Studies, Earth & Life Sciences

Series: Collection des universites de France Serie grecque

Series volume number: 490

Language: French

Paperback (Published)

(September 2012)

ISBN: 9782251005744

Price: $50.00

Out of stock

Synopsis
Contents
Contributing Authors

Le traite de Theophraste appele par commodite De causis plantarum, titre traduit plus explicitement par Les Causes des phenomenes vegetaux, est indissociable de l’ouvrage du meme auteur intitule Historia plantarum, soit Recherches sur les plantes,…

English summary: Theophrastus’s treatise, also called De causis plantarum, is inseparable from the Historia Plantarum, which is unanimously recognized as the foundation of Western botany. De causis portrays the rigorous study of vegetable life at a time when naturalists could only formulate his analysis through direct observation. Book I examines the biological individual at every stage of his existence. Book II studies the influence of meteorological conditions on plants and portrays the close interdependence of plant and environment, making Theophrastus the true founder of scientific ecology. French text. French description: Le traite de Theophraste appele par commodite De causis plantarum, titre traduit plus explicitement par Les Causes des phenomenes vegetaux, est indissociable de l’ouvrage du meme auteur intitule Historia plantarum, soit Recherches sur les plantes, unanimement reconnu comme le fondement de la botanique occidentale. Il s’agit de la version ecrite de deux cours complementaires donnes au Lycee d’Athenes dans les annees 320-290, l’un de morphologie vegetale, l’autre de physiologie. Les references du De causis a l’Historia donnent la preuve irrefutable de leur interdependance. La specificite du De causis reside dans une etude des phenomenes de la vie vegetale aussi rigoureuse que possible en un temps ou le naturaliste ne pouvait fonder son analyse que sur l’observation directe, sans experimentation avec des moyens techniques appropries. Le livre I examine l’individu biologique a tous les stades de son existence : formation, croissance, adaptation au cycle saisonnier, reproduction, mort naturelle ou accidentelle. Des phenomenes aussi complexes que la transmission des caracteres hereditaires, la pousse et la chute des feuilles, la photosynthese, les tropismes, etc., elucides seulement aux XIXe et XXe siecles grace aux progres de la chimie, discipline inconnue de l’Antiquite classique, se trouvent ici abordes avec une sorte de pressentiment remarquable. Pour n’en citer qu’un exemple, l’impulsion de croissance que Theophraste designe par le mot horme est attribuee par la biologie moderne au developpement de l’auxine, une substance chimique que nous nommons precisement hormone. Le livre II etudie les influences qu’exercent sur le vegetal les conditions climatiques et meteorologiques, la nature du sol et des eaux. Il illustre ainsi dans une etude methodique enrichie d’une foule d’exemples concrets l’etroite dependance de la plante par rapport a son environnement, ce qui permet de considerer Theophraste comme le veritable fondateur de l’ecologie scientifique. Certes, il restait encore un long chemin a parcourir jusqu’aux acquis de la science actuelle, mais des bases solides etaient jetees et l’historien de ces disciplines ne peut pas se permettre de les ignorer. La publication de l’oeuvre botanique de Theophraste dans la Collection des Universites de France rend accessibles au lecteur non specialiste ces textes techniques difficiles meme pour un helleniste experimente.

Notice

Sommaire des Livres I et II

Sigla

Livre I. Les modes de reproduction des vegetaux. Texte et traduction

Livre II. Les effets de leur environnement sur la vie des plantesTexte et traduction

Bibliographie des Livres I et II

Commentaire. Livre I

Commentaire. Livre II

By (author) Theophraste
Edited and translated by Suzanne Amigues

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