Living with Seismic Phenomena in the Mediterranean and Beyond between Antiquity and the Middle Ages

The first two sections of this book explore different ways of understanding seismic phenomena and present strategies for post-disaster management. Later sections present palaeoseimological and archaeological data (for the most part previously unpublished) on various sites in the Italian peninsula and the wider Mediterranean world and

In a Mediterranean area characterised by strong seismic activity, the earthquake that struck central Italy in 2016 caused considerable damage to the archaeological and historical heritage. This catastrophic event, as well as recent archaeological fieldwork and palaeoseimological research in the same area, led to the organisation in 2019 of the first International Conference Living with seismic phenomena in the Mediterranean from Antiquity to the Middle Ages in Cascia (Italy). In 2021, a second Conference, devoted to the same topic, was held at Le Mans University (France). The articles collected in this work constitute a selection of the oral presentations or posters presented during the two Conferences. In the first two sections of the book, the reader will find contributions ranging from different ways of understanding seismic phenomena to strategies of post-disaster management, adaptation and resilience employed by societies and political authorities. From the third part onwards, palaeoseimological and archaeological data (for the most part previously unpublished) are presented on various sites in the Italian peninsula and the wider Mediterranean world and its frontiers. The final section is devoted to the emerging field of multidisciplinary studies on the specific characteristics of reconstruction and post-seismic building techniques. As a whole, using a multidisciplinary approach, the contents of the book aim to push forward knowledge on human/environment relations in the longue duree, contribute to the protection of the architectural and cultural heritage, and promote a culture of risk management in territories exposed to potential seismic activity.

Foreword Introduction - Rita Compatangelo-Soussignan, Francesca Diosono, Frederic Le Blay PART I. Interpreting and Living with Seismic Phenomena in Antiquity: Myth, Religion and Science 1. Seismes, divination et rationalite(s) en Grece ancienne : l'oracle grec comme mode d'apprehension du phenomene sismique - Kevin Bouillot 2. Faconne par le feu ou comment les phenomenes volcaniques construisent les recits mythologiques - Loredana Lancini 3. Les seismes dans les Meteorologiques de Theophraste - Antoine Regnier 4. Terremoti 'cristiani', tra ortodossia, eresia e... 'ragion di stato' - Gualtiero Rota PART II. How to Confront Seismic Phenomena: Political and Social Responses 5. Lessons from Catastrophe: Risk Management in Oral Societies - Patrick Nunn , Loredana Lancini , Rita Compatangelo-Soussignan 6. Waiting for the Catastrophe... The Interaction between Humans and Nature in Akrotiri of Thera - Elli Papazoi 7. Tremblement de terre et lutte politique : Ciceron, Clodius et les evenements prodigieux de 56 av. J.-C. - Paolo Garofalo 8. Alle radici della cura urbis post terrae motus. Fonti giuridiche e testimonianze epigrafiche. Diritto romano e Sismologia Storica - Maria Vittoria Bramante 9. Il terremoto del 191 d.C. a Roma e la ricostruzione di Settimio Severo - Maria Grazia Cinti 10. Empereurs chretiens, tremblements de terre et reconfiguration du pouvoir imperial a Constantinople depuis la fin du IVe siecle apres J.-C. - Jonas Borsch 11. Introducing the RiskRes Project. The Study of Historic Responses to Earthquakes in Preindustrial Europe (AD 1200-1755) - Maria Teresa Chicote Pompanin, Paolo Forlin, Christopher Gerrard PART III. Earth Sciences and Archaeological Sciences for the Study of Ancient Earthquakes 12. La recherche des seismes du passe proche et lointain par l'apport combine des sciences de la nature et des sciences historiques - Bruno Helly, Riccardo Caputo 13. Paleosismologia e archeosismologia: terremoti sepolti e ritrovati - Paolo Galli 14. The Impact and the Effects of the Colli Albani Volcanic Activity on a Settlement Close to Rome - Agnese Livia Fischetti, Arnaldo Angelo De Benedetti, Guido Giordano 15. Eruzioni, sismi e bradisismo nei Campi Flegrei in epoca romana tra fonti storiche ed evidenze archeologiche e geologiche - Antonio Jesus Talavera Montes PART IV. Building and Rebuilding: Ancient Settlements after the Earthquake 16. Tracce di cinematismi per i sismi di V secolo d.C. a Roma: dati a confronto per Testaccio e Palatino - Fulvio Coletti, Alessia Contino 17. Terremoti e riuso: nuovi dati da una citta romana dell'Appennino centrale - Luisa Migliorati 18. Eventi sismici a Cirene (Libia): il contributo dell'archeologia - Oscar Mei, Lorenzo Cariddi 19. A Possible Earthquake in the Roman Phase of the Settlement of Los Castillejos de Teba (Malaga, Spain): Notes on Ancient Seismicity in the Provincia Baetica - Juan Manuel Martin Casado 20. Il tempio di Nocette di Pale (Foligno, Umbria): evidenze di una scelta pericolosa - Matelda Albanesi, Angela Baldanza, Maria Romana Picuti 21. Evidenze di attivita sismica in epoca tardoantica nelle terme meridionali della villa del Casale di Piazza Armerina (Sicilia) - Chiara Carloni, Diego Piay Augusto 22. Tracce di terremoti in contesti archeologici di Rieti e Cittaducale - Francesca Lezzi, Cristiano Mengarelli 23. Abitare una terra che si muove: distruzione e ricostruzione nel territorio di Cascia in eta romana - Francesca Diosono 24. Un 'Porto in Pinna Cerrani'. Tracce di un luogo scomparso tra fonti, cartografia e mutamenti del paesaggio - Davide Mastroianni PART V. Archeoseismology, Architecture and Analysis of Building Techniques 25. Identification et caracterisation des phenomenes sismiques : la forteresse ourarteenne d'Erebuni au cours du premier quart du VIIe siecle av. J.-C. (Armenie) - Stephane Deschamps, Francois Fichet de Clairfontaine, Bruno Helly, Alain Rideaud, Michel Badalyan, Ara Avagyan 26. Archeosismologia, terremoti e architettura storica. Alcune recenti esperienze nel sud della Toscana - Andrea Arrighetti 27. Archeosismologia e architettura: il patrimonio architettonico come fonte di storia dei terremoti. L'esempio dei campanili di Venezia - Margherita Ganz 28. Consequences des seismes en Calabre. L'histoire d'un reemploi particulier dans l'eglise castrale d'Akerentia - Aurelie Terrier PART VI. Prevention and Anti-Seismic Measures in Ancient Architecture 29. Indices sur la sismicite et l'existence de mesures parasismiques dans les premieres cites-etats du Levant sud a l'age du Bronze ancien (3600-2400 avant J.-C.) - Deborah Sebag 30. Charpentes et sollicitations sismiques dans les monuments antiques : remarques methodologiques - Stephane Lamouille 31. 'Seismic shield' Properties of Foundations and Podiums of Roman-Italic Temples in Central Italy: the Case Study of Temple B in Pietrabbondante - Francesca Diosono, Aguinaldo Fraddosio, Alberto La Notte, Nicola Pecere, Mario Daniele Piccioni 32. Terrae motus: Repair and Prevention in Ostia, the Harbour City of Ancient Rome - Laura Pecchioli 33. Memorie da interrogare. I presidi antisismici delle strutture abitative e fortificate della Campania interna fra il medioevo e la prima eta moderna - Lester Lonardo 34. Effects of Earthquakes on the Development of the Construction Techniques in a Rural Community in Northern Jordan between the Byzantine and the Mamluk Periods - Piero Gilento, Giovanni Pesce, Gourguen Davtian, Pierre-Marie Blanc, Khaled al-Bashaireh, Apolline Vernet, Maen Omoush, Foreword ;

Introduction – Rita Compatangelo-Soussignan, Francesca Diosono, Frédéric Le Blay PART I. Interpreting and Living with Seismic Phenomena in Antiquity: Myth, Religion and ScienceKevin Bouillot 2. Façonné par le feu ou comment les phénomènes volcaniques construisent les récits mythologiques – Loredana Lancini 3. Les séismes dans les Météorologiques de Théophraste – Antoine Régnier 4. Terremoti ‘cristiani’, tra ortodossia, eresia e... ‘ragion di stato’ – Gualtiero Rota PART II. How to Confront Seismic Phenomena: Political and Social ResponsesPatrick Nunn , Loredana Lancini , Rita Compatangelo-Soussignan 6. Waiting for the Catastrophe… The Interaction between Humans and Nature in Akrotiri of Thera – Elli Papazoi 7. Tremblement de terre et lutte politique : Cicéron, Clodius et les événements prodigieux de 56 av. J.-C. – Paolo Garofalo 8. Alle radici della cura urbis post terrae motus. Fonti giuridiche e testimonianze epigrafiche. Diritto romano e Sismologia Storica – Maria Vittoria Bramante 9. Il terremoto del 191 d.C. a Roma e la ricostruzione di Settimio Severo – Maria Grazia Cinti 10. Empereurs chrétiens, tremblements de terre et reconfiguration du pouvoir impérial à Constantinople depuis la fin du IVe siècle après J.-C. – Jonas Borsch 11. Introducing the RiskRes Project. The Study of Historic Responses to Earthquakes in Preindustrial Europe (AD 1200-1755) – María Teresa Chicote Pompanin, Paolo Forlin, Christopher Gerrard PART III. Earth Sciences and Archaeological Sciences for the Study of Ancient EarthquakesBruno Helly, Riccardo Caputo 13. Paleosismologia e archeosismologia: terremoti sepolti e ritrovati – Paolo Galli 14. The Impact and the Effects of the Colli Albani Volcanic Activity on a Settlement Close to Rome – Agnese Livia Fischetti, Arnaldo Angelo De Benedetti, Guido Giordano 15. Eruzioni, sismi e bradisismo nei Campi Flegrei in epoca romana tra fonti storiche ed evidenze archeologiche e geologiche – Antonio Jesús Talavera Montes PART IV. Building and Rebuilding: Ancient Settlements after the EarthquakeFulvio Coletti, Alessia Contino 17. Terremoti e riuso: nuovi dati da una città romana dell’Appennino centrale – Luisa Migliorati 18. Eventi sismici a Cirene (Libia): il contributo dell’archeologia – Oscar Mei, Lorenzo Cariddi 19. A Possible Earthquake in the Roman Phase of the Settlement of Los Castillejos de Teba (Malaga, Spain): Notes on Ancient Seismicity in the Provincia Baetica – Juan Manuel Martín Casado 20. Il tempio di Nocette di Pale (Foligno, Umbria): evidenze di una scelta pericolosa – Matelda Albanesi, Angela Baldanza, Maria Romana Picuti 21. Evidenze di attività sismica in epoca tardoantica nelle terme meridionali della villa del Casale di Piazza Armerina (Sicilia) – Chiara Carloni, Diego Piay Augusto 22. Tracce di terremoti in contesti archeologici di Rieti e Cittaducale – Francesca Lezzi, Cristiano Mengarelli 23. Abitare una terra che si muove: distruzione e ricostruzione nel territorio di Cascia in età romana – Francesca Diosono ;